Modern technology has become a total phenomenon for civilization, the defining force of a new social order in which efficiency is no longer an option but a necessity imposed on all human activity. — Jacques Ellul
New capabilities emerge just by virtue of having smart people with access to state-of-the-art technology. — Robert E. Kahn
Today, a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is well underway, and information technology, biotechnology and manufacturing technology are developing rapidly. — Xi Jinping
Technology's allowing the phone to start to see and understand much like how the human brain does. — Matt Mills
The more high technology around us, the more the need for human touch...HighTech/High Touch. The principle symbolizes the need for balance between our physical and spiritual reality. — John Naisbitt
It's not that we use technology, we live technology. — Godfrey Reggio
Technology is making design more exciting, with color, wallpaper, textures, fabrics that could never have been created without the technology. — David Bromstad
It's technology progress. It's inevitable. Technology is neither good nor bad. We just have to make them responsibly. — Changpeng Zhao
We're changing the world with technology. — Bill Gates
We’re living in the age of AI, where technology has the power to augment human intelligence and transform industries. — Jensen Huang
New technology is changing the way we can film. It's enabling us to get fresh new images and tell brand new stories. — Karen Bass
India has seen a dream of Digital India. From latest science to latest technology, everything should be available at the tip of one's finger. — Narendra Modi
The science of today is the technology of tomorrow. — Edward Teller
Art is obsolete now. New technologies are taking over. — Jeff Koons
Our technological powers increase, but the side effects and potential hazards also escalate. — Alvin Toffler
Short Advanced Technology Quotes
It has become appallingly obvious that our technology has exceeded our humanity. — Albert Einstein
One of the most important technologies that we have to build is AR. — Jensen Huang
Humanity is acquiring all the right technology for all the wrong reasons. — Richard Buckminster Fuller
Technology is a useful servant but a dangerous master. — Christian Lous Lange
Technology has the power to bridge gaps and bring people together. — Jensen Huang
The AI technology will keep you out of harm's way. — Jensen Huang
We live in a world defined by the rapid pace of technological change. —
People get comfortable with technologies. — Jennifer Doudna
The thing with high-tech is that you always end up using scissors. — David Hockney
I fear the day that technology will surpass our human interaction. The world will have a generation of idiots.
What Is Technology Quotes
90% of what is considered "impossible" is, in fact, possible. The other 10% will become possible with the passage of time & technology. — Hideo Kojima
As a matter of fact, when compression technology came along, we thought the future in 1996 was about voice. We got it wrong. It is about voice, video, and data, and that is what we have today on these cell phones. — Steve Buyer
The number one benefit of information technology is that it empowers people to do what they want to do. It lets people be creative. It lets people be productive. It lets people learn things they didn't think they could learn before, and so in a sense it is all about potential. — Steve Ballmer
All the technology in the world will never replace a positive attitude.
The easiest way to stop piracy is not by putting antipiracy technology to work. It’s by giving those people a service that’s better than what they’re receiving from the pirates. — Gabe Newell
Regardless what technology is, I like analog too. — Lou Gramm
What amplifies the transformational power ahead is the confluence of two major technological currents today: the universal access to mobile computing and the pervasive use of social networks. — Michael Saylor
Every great advance...has issued from a new audacity of imagination.
The trouble with programmers is that you can never tell what a programmer is doing until it's too late. — Seymour Cray
Innovation is what America does best. Whether it is the Apollo Project to the moon, developing the most advanced defense technologies available, the rise of the Internet or the latest advancements in biomedical gene therapies, our nation leads the world in transformative innovations. — Martin Heinrich
Then, I realized that there is an indigenous presence in the Solar System. It's us. So, then, I got to wondering what would happen if a more technologically advanced society moved next door to us, the way we moved next door to the American Indians. — Sarah Zettel
Smart Technology Quotes
Transparency is all about letting in and embracing new ideas, new technology and new approaches. No individual, entity or agency, no matter how smart, how old, or how experienced, can afford to stop learning. — Gina McCarthy
Though we do need more women to graduate with technical degrees, I always like to remind women that you don't need to have science or technology degrees to build a career in tech. — Susan Wojcicki
There are some technologies I like, in formal security, cryptography like bullet-proofs, simplicity formal provable smart-contracting, some privacy tech. I don't like to name coins though some have deployed tech I invented over the years. — Adam Back
In the future, we will have to count on being at least somewhat able to dominate nature in ways that go beyond mere technology.
[Smart] is an elusive concept. There's a certain sharpness, an ability to absorb new facts. To ask an insightful question. To relate to domains that may not seem connected at first. A certain creativity that allows people to be effective. — Bill Gates
The factory model of education is the wrong model for the 21st century. Today, our schools must prepare all students for college and careers-and do far more to personalize instruction and employ the smart use of technology. — Arne Duncan
The reality is that we do not have an air traffic control system that is smart enough and technologically capable enough to be able to handle that kind of demand. — James May
It is now highly feasible to take care of everybody on Earth at higher standard of living than any have ever known. It no longer has to be you or me. Selfishness is unnecessary. War is obsolete. It is a matter of converting our high technology from weaponry to livingry.
As smart technologies become more intrusive, they risk undermining our autonomy by suppressing behaviors that someone somewhere has deemed undesirable. — Evgeny Morozov
I also believe that we have an extraordinary opportunity for the United States and European Union to lead the world in developing and implementing new and more efficient technologies - smart electrical grids and electrical vehicles. — Hillary Clinton
I like my job because it involves learning. I like being around smart people who are trying to figure out new things. I like the fact that if people really try they can figure out how to invent things that actually have an impact. — Bill Gates
Smart technologies are not just disruptive; they can also preserve the status quo. Revolutionary in theory, they are often reactionary in practice. — Evgeny Morozov
Technology Quotes
People will come to love their oppression, to adore the technologies that undo their capacities to think. — Aldous Huxley
The most important thing we can do is inspire young minds and to advance the kind of science, math and technology education that will help youngsters take us to the next phase of space travel. — John Glenn
Neither the military might nor the economic and technological development makes a nation great. It is made great by it's citizens with Self Respect and Integrity ingrained in their lives. — Pandurang Shastri Athavale
Technology is just a tool. In terms of getting the kids working together and motivating them, the teacher is important.
Millennials expect to create a better future, using the collaborative power of digital technology. — Mal Fletcher
It's through mistakes that you actually can grow. You have to get bad in order to get good. — Paula Scher
A clean, hard-fought wrestling match is the most honest of athletic contests. There is no technological interventions, no teammates to blame, no panel of judges to bias the score. In wrestling, you compete or you quit. No alibis. I like that — Dan Gable
Social media isn't about technology. It's about relationships. 3 things you can do today: 1. Spend 5 minutes getting interested in someone on social media, rather than trying to get them interested in you.2. Post it forward e.g. list three people whom you admire. 3. Network before you need your network.
Digital design is like painting, except the paint never dries. — Neville Brody
The best computer is a man, and it’s the only one that can be mass-produced by unskilled labor. — Wernher Von Braun
First words on the first telephone - "Mr. Watson - come here - I want to see you." — Alexander Graham Bell
It is now highly feasible to take care of everybody on Earth at a 'higher standard of living than any have ever known.' It no longer has to be you or me. Selfishness is unnecessary and henceforth unrationalizable as mandated by survival. — Richard Buckminster Fuller
Technological Advancement Quotes
I understood the importance in principle of public key cryptography but it's all moved much faster than I expected. I did not expect it to be a mainstay of advanced communications technology — Whitfield Diffie
But we are convinced that if we are to play a meaningful role nationally, and in the community of nations, we must be second to none in the application of advanced technologies to the real problems of man and society. — Vikram Sarabhai
While there have been terrific advances in the state of technology around heuristics, behavior blocking, and things like that, technology is only a part of the approach to solving the problem with the more important aspect involving putting the right process in place. — John W. Thompson
We are just an advanced breed of monkeys on a minor planet of a very average star. But we can understand the universe. That makes us something very special.
In the future, rather than an annual checkup, our health will be monitored a million times a second and the alternative will seem medieval. — David Sinclair
I don’t know if this generation is the last mortal generation. — Naval Ravikant
Developments in medical technology have long been confined to procedural or pharmaceutical advances, while neglecting a most basic and essential component of medicine: patient information management. — John Doolittle
We have created a Star Wars civilization with Stone Age emotions, medieval institutions and godlike technology.
Today we have access to highly advanced technologies. But our social and economic system has not kept up with our technological capabilities that could easily create a world of abundance, free of servitude and debt. — Jacque Fresco
The industrial revolution allowed us, for the first time, to start replacing human labour with machines. — Vitalik Buterin
Atlantis was a highly evolved civilization where the sciences and arts were far more advanced than one might guess. Atlantis was technologically advanced in genetic engineering, computer science, inter-dimensional physics, and artistically developed with electronic music and crystal art forms. — Frederick Lenz
Technology is not only the thing that moves the human race forward, but it’s the only thing that ever has. Without technology, we’re just monkeys playing in the dirt. — Naval Ravikant
Modern Technology Quotes
Education technology and school construction go together. Modernization, updating education facilities, and making a capital investment in education are all included. — Major Owens
It worries me about our unwillingness to really address reforms and modernization in Medicare. This thing was designed 37 years ago. It has not evolved to keep pace with current medical technology. — John Sununu
It was my Uncle George who discovered that alcohol was a food well in advance of modern medical thought. — P. G. Wodehouse
We need technology in every classroom and in every student and teacher's hand, because it is the pen and paper of our time, and it is the lens through which we experience much of our world.
The Cox Report documents a systematic, well-planned effort by the Chinese military at the highest levels to target and acquire technology for military modernization. — Charles Foster Bass
Bitcoin is the first software network capable of storing all the monetary energy in the world with no loss of power over time and negligible transmission loss. Assuming broad adoption, that would make it the most valuable invention of the modern era. Few understand this. — Michael Saylor
The sun as the expression of old world energy is torn down from the heavens by modern man, who by virtue of his technological superiority creates his own energy source. — El Lissitzky
Measuring and laying out the room in advance can save you a lot of headaches.
Hatred can be nurtured anywhere, idealism can be perverted into sadism anywhere. If hatred and sadism combine with modern technology the inferno could erupt anew anywhere. — Simon Wiesenthal
Freedom without the strength to support it and, if need be, defend it, would be a cruel delusion. And the strength to defend freedom can itself only come from widespread industrialisation and the infusion of modern science and technology into the country's economic life. — Jamsetji Tata
Even with all our technology and the inventions that make modern life so much easier than it once was, it takes just one big natural disaster to wipe all that away and remind us that, here on Earth, we're still at the mercy of nature. — Neil deGrasse Tyson
In science it often happens that scientists say, "You know that's a really good argument; my position is mistaken..." — Carl Sagan
New Technology Quotes
Design is not about decorating functional forms - it is about creating forms that accord with the character of the object and that show new technologies to advantage. — Peter Behrens
NAFTA recognizes the reality of today's economy - globalization and technology. Our future is not in competing at the low-level wage job; it is in creating high-wage, new technology jobs based on our skills and our productivity. — John F. Kerry
One believes things because one has been conditioned to believe them. — Aldous Huxley
But I don't want comfort. I want God, I want poetry, I want real danger, I want freedom, I want goodness. I want sin. — Aldous Huxley
I was head of the Cold Weather Warfare unit within the Special Boat Service. My job was to do extreme climbs, learn about new technology, and create new ideas on how to operate in those conditions. — Nirmal Purja
Companies disrupting the traditional world order - like Tesla and Square - are wise to hedge their fiat reserves with Bitcoin. Other companies in harm’s way because of disruptive innovation should be investing their cash in new technologies to avoid creative destruction. — Cathie Wood
I don’t want to make an incremental change in some technology in my life. I want to create a whole new technology, and one that is aimed at helping humanity at all levels regardless of geography or ethnicity or age or gender. — Elizabeth Holmes
We cannot escape that Hollywood is in the middle of a wave of technological change. The current angst over all the implications of new entertainment technology is nothing new. — Michael Eisner
My belief is that the vast majority of people using digital currency today are not seeking to evade taxes. They are simply investors seeking returns and people interested in a nascent new technology. — Brian Armstrong
As scientists, we are excited about the possibilities that are opened up by new technologies, but we also need to be cognizant of the consequences of those technologies. — Jennifer Doudna
Latest Technology Quotes
The main purpose of my work is to provoke people into using their imagination and make their surroundings more exciting. — Verner Panton
Misuse of reason might yet return the world to pre-technological night; plenty of religious zealots hunger for just such a result, and are happy to use the latest technology to effect it. — A.C. Grayling
As an avid photographer, I also took advantage of the latest technology in photography - digital photography - to post photos on my website on a daily basis. — Tipper Gore
However, even during the preparations for action, we laid our plans in such a manner that should there be progress through diplomatic negotiation, we would be well prepared to cancel operations at the latest moment that communication technology would have permitted. — Hideki Tojo
Are you, or is someone you know, a gadget freak? If so, you doubtless know that Wednesday was iPhone 5 day, the day Apple unveiled its latest way for people to avoid actually speaking to or even looking at whoever they're with. — Paul Krugman
The reason we are doing these types of pat downs and using the advanced imagery technology is trying to take the latest intelligence and how we know al Qaeda and affiliates want to hurt us, they want to bring down whether it is passenger air craft or cargo aircraft. — John Pistole
I'm not against technology, but all tools should be used to their best advantage. We should be spending our time on things that have staying power, instead of on the latest thought of the latest blogger - and then moving on quickly to the next blogger. — J. I. Packer
The reason we are doing these types of pat downs and using the advanced imagery technology is trying to take the latest intelligence and how we know al Qaeda and affiliates want to hurt us, they want to bring down whether it is passenger air craft or cargo aircraft. — John S. Pistole
Our demographic dividend is our strength. The youth have what it takes to engage with the latest technology. — Narendra Modi
Using the latest in science and technology to shatter today's economic paradigm of 'insatiable individuals competing for scarce resources,' Planetary Citizenship brings us full circle to the ancient wisdom of indigenous peoples and the sacredness of creation. — Rebecca Adamson
High Technology Quotes
Several other aerospace and defense firms have announced plans to build facilities in north Mississippi in recent weeks. They join an impressive group of high-tech companies already doing business in our region. — Roger Wicker
We must speed up the deployment of broadband in order to bring high-speed data services to homes and businesses. The spread of information technology has contributed to a steady growth in U.S. productivity. — Michael Oxley
After a certain high level of technical skill is achieved science and art tend to coalesce in aesthetics, plasticity, and form. The greatest scientists are artists as well. — Albert Einstein
I dream of a Digital India where high-speed Digital Highways unite the Nation. — Narendra Modi
Our life is half natural and half technological. Half-and-half is good. You cannot deny that high-tech is progress. We need it for jobs. Yet if you make only high-tech, you make war. So we must have a strong human element to keep modesty and natural life. — Nam June Paik
Too few people recognize that the high technology so celebrated today is essentially a mathematical technology. — Edsger Dijkstra
Even when I work with computers, with high technology, I always try to put in the touch of the hand. — Issey Miyake
High technology has done us one great service: It has retaught us the delight of performing simple and primordial tasks - chopping wood, building a fire, drawing water from a spring — Edward Abbey
Producing fuel cells and solar panels requires high tech facilities and produces high paying jobs. The industry is booming in Arizona. The state already has about 100 firms in the solar industry and has grown 20% since 2003. — J. D. Hayworth
We really care about our brand. We really want it to stand for high quality. We want people to be excited about it, for it to be fun. — Larry Page
Technological Progress Quotes
All the advantages that man has gained from his ever-deepening understanding of the natural world that surrounds him, his technological, chemical and medical progress, all of which should seem to alleviate human suffering... tends instead to favor humanity's destruction. — Konrad Lorenz
Democracy can hardly be expected to flourish in societies where political and economic power is being progressively concentrated and centralized. But the progress of technology has led and is still leading to just such a concentration and centralization of power. — Aldous Huxley
When you invent the ship, you also invent the shipwreck; when you invent the plane you also invent the plane crash; and when you invent electricity, you invent electrocution...Every technology carries its own negativity, which is invented at the same time as technical progress. — Paul Virilio
Capitalism historically has been a very dynamic force, and behind that force is technical progress, innovation, new ideas, new products, new technologies, and new methods of managing teams. — Manmohan Singh
I urge you to accept the machines as part of our lives and commit to making life better because of their presence. AI is coming. We can prevent it, but we can make sure it's put on the right path in its infancy. — Mo Gawdat
Bitcoin is digital gold – growing harder, smarter, faster, & stronger due to the relentless progression of technology. — Michael Saylor
We live technologically, with man as the master of nature, man as the engineer, and let anyone who raises his voice against it stop using bridges not built by nature.... No electric light bulbs, no engines, no atomic energy, no calculating machines, no anaesthetics-back to the jungle. — Max Frisch
New technologies such as solar systems or hybrid cars aren't created overnight. By extending these tax credits we are giving this industry time to grow, branch out and succeed. — J. D. Hayworth
Technology is an important element in progress. See, we can always do something better. We can improve water technology, or energy efficiency. There is always progress forward using technology and that's where innovation starts. — Santiago Calatrava
Future Technologies Quotes
Science, as well as technology, will in the near and in the farther future increasingly turn from problems of intensity, substance, and energy, to problems of structure, organization, information, and control. — John Von Neumann
I believe that the future is about having a whole bunch of A.I., not one A.I. — Jensen Huang
I believe we're right on the cusp of it. — Jensen Huang
The U.S. is looking to India as more then just a marketplace for our defense products, but as a technology, aerospace and strategic partner for our future endeavors. — Christopher Bond
The future of technology is not really location-based apps; it is about making location completely unimportant. — Balaji Srinivasan
Radio has no future." "X-rays are clearly a hoax". "The aeroplane is scientifically impossible. — Lord Kelvin
If inflation is unwinding, as we believe, then we could be heading back to the future, the Roaring Twenties, the last time several general-purpose technologies evolved at the same time: telephone, electricity, and the internal combustion engine. The setup is remarkably similar! — Cathie Wood
The democratization of technology allows anyone to be a creator, entrepreneur, scientist. The future is brighter. — Naval Ravikant
Working at OpenAI feels like having advance notice on the contours of the future. — Greg Brockman
The scarcest resource is not oil, metals, clean air, capital, labour, or technology. It is our willingness to listen to each other and learn from each other and to seek the truth rather than seek to be right — Donella Meadows
Two particular technological advancements would move Europe and the world away from physical coins and in turn help bring about the demise of silver's monetary role: the telegraph, first deployed commercially in 1837, and the growing network of trains, allowing transportation across Europe. With these two innovations, it became increasingly feasible for banks to communicate with each other, sending payments efficiently across space when needed and debiting accounts instead of having to send physical payments. This led to the increased use of bills, checks, and paper receipts as monetary media instead of physical gold and silver coins. More nations began to switch to a monetary standard of paper fully backed by, and instantly redeemable into, precious metals held in vaults. — Saifedean Ammous
Over the next five years, DARPA’s biohybrid programs advanced at an astonishing pace. Microprocessor technology was doubling in capacity every eighteen months. By June 29, 2007, when Apple rereleased its first-generation iPhone, Americans could now carry in their pockets more technology than NASA had when it sent astronauts to the moon. — Annie Jacobsen
Hundreds of years ago, Indian artists created visual images of dancing Shivas in a beautiful series of bronzes. In our time, physicists have used the most advanced technology to portray the patterns of the cosmic dance. The metaphor of the cosmic dance thus unifies ancient mythology, religious art and modern physics. — Fritjof Capra
As part of our layered approach, we have expedited the deployment of new Advanced Imaging Technology (AIT) units to help detect concealed metallic and non-metallic threats on passengers. These machines are now in use at airports nationwide, and the vast majority of travelers say they prefer this technology to alternative screening measures. — Janet Napolitano
Even as the population doubled from three to six billion, we managed to race ahead with all kinds of technological and scientific events in agriculture - from using more fertilizers to mechanization to advanced plant breeding. — Nina Fedoroff
Nature stuff all around us plants, animals, etc. are best thought of as basically super advanced alien technology. These are nanotechnology devices magically grown in ambient conditions with complex information processing. Synthetic bio is tinkering with hijacking this tech. — Andrej Karpathy
Bitcoin is the singularity. — Robert Breedlove
I have reviewed literally hundreds of dotcoms in my drive to bring Boomer Esiason Foundation onto the Internet, and have selected ClickThings as a partner because of the advanced technology it offers small business, and its understanding of the entrepreneurial spirit of the small business community. — Boomer Esiason
We can just assume they have much more and powerful, more advanced technology, all the new computers, everything could be much more easier and help them to build much more and many more nuclear weapons. — Mordechai Vanunu
Pixar is the most technically advanced creative company; Apple is the most creatively advanced technical company. — Steve Jobs
I drove an electric car for seven years because of its advanced technology, not because I have any concerns about energy resources. I have none at all. And when environmentalists say that global warming is dangerous, unprecedented and that we'll have a tipping point for atmospheric carbon dioxide, it's just nonsense. — Burt Rutan
Open innovation is a paradigm that assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market, as the firms look to advance their technology. — Henry Chesbrough
Much of the Greek coastline comprises steep cliffs and there are few coastal plains for agriculture. Inland are more steep cliffs, rivers that will not allow transportation, and few wide, fertile valleys. There is too little good agricultural land for Greece to become a major agricultural exporter, or to develop more than a handful of major urban areas containing highly educated, highly skilled, and technologically advanced populations. Its situation is further exacerbated by its location, with Athens positioned at the tip of the peninsula, almost cut off from land trade with Europe. It is reliant on the Aegean Sea for access to maritime trade in the region — but across that sea lies Turkey, a large potential enemy. Greece spends a vast amount of euros, which it doesn’t have, on defense. There are about 1,400 Greek islands 6,000 if you include various rocks sticking out of the Aegean of which approximately 200 are inhabited. It takes a decent navy just to patrol this territory, never mind one strong enough to defer any attempt to take the islands over. The result is a huge cost in military spending that Greece doesn’t have. During the Cold War, the Americans, and to a lesser extent, the British were content to underwrite some of the military requirements in order to keep the Soviet Union out of the Aegean and the Mediterranean. When the Cold War ended, so did the checks. — Tim Marshall
Clear content, simple navigation and answers to customer questions have the biggest impact on business value. Advanced technology matters much less. — Jakob Nielsen
I believe often that death is good medical treatment because it can achieve what all the medical advances and technology cannot achieve today, and that is stop the suffering of the patient. — Christiaan Barnard
Animal factories are one more sign of the extent to which our technological capacities have advanced faster than our ethics. — Peter Singer
Once again, the hopeless cowardly Americans were back to repeat their cowardly act hiding behind a technological advance that God, most gracious, wanted it to be their curse and cause for shame. — Saddam Hussein
The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic but technological-technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science. Clearly, no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein: TIME's Person of the Century. — Stephen Hawking
For a long time many believed that there would be an automatic adjustment and counted on a rapid increase in the wages of the emerging nations, on our advances in technology and the costs of transport preventing disruption. But this reassuring analysis is out of date. — Laurent Fabius
Indeed, through fundamental advances in bionics in this century, we will set the technological foundation for an enhanced human experience, and we will end disability. — Hugh Herr
In China, we intend to acquire advanced technology, science and management skills to serve our socialist production. And these things as such have no class character. — Deng Xiaoping
... the more the mind dominates, the more the ego comes into play, and the further people depart from their true inner self. So all the technological advances in the world mean nothing if people feel a spiritual void inside of them. — Stuart Wilde
The demographic weight of countries such as China and India exercise a massive pressure on our wages and salaries. They have accomplished massive technological advances and the revolution in information technology has reduced the costs of transport. — Laurent Fabius
The key is the Internet. The United States is by far the most advanced country in this new digital culture, so we have to be there. The Internet is the heart of this new civilization, and telecommunications are the nervous system, or circulatory system. — Carlos Slim
Now, a lot of what we are doing right now, quite frankly, is because of what happened on Christmas. Many of the things were kind of in the works. We were already planning, for example, the purchase and deployment of advanced imaging technology. You call them body scanners. We call them AITs (Advanced Imaging Technologies). — Janet Napolitano
The cyborg is now the ideal to which all our most advanced technology is tending. — Bryan Appleyard
The crisis is not in the outward technological advancement, but rather in the way we think, and the way we live, and the way we feel. I think that is where a revolution must take place. — Jiddu Krishnamurti
In Conclusion
Which quotation resonated with you best? Did you enjoy our collection of advanced technology quotes? Or may be you have a slogan about advanced technology to suggest. Let us know using our contact form.
Citation
Feel free to cite and use any of the quotes in this collection of advanced technology quotations. For popular citation styles(APA, Chicago, MLA), please use this citation page.
